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impure in the cultic sense

  • 1 ἀκάθαρτος

    ἀκάθαρτος, ον (Soph., Hippocr.+; ins; except for Mag. pap perh. PTebt 1043, 42 [II B.C.], LXX, TestSol, Test12Patr, EpArist, Philo, Joseph., Just.)
    ① pert. to that which may not be brought into contact w. the divinity, impure, unclean (the cultic sense, mostly LXX, also Jos., C. Ap. 1, 307; SIG 1042, 3; Just., D. 20, 4): of foods (Orig., C. Cels. 3, 11, 9) w. κοινός: πᾶν κοινὸν καὶ ἀ. anything common or unclean Ac 10:14, 11:8; GJs 6:1; w. μεμισημένος of birds (and other animals Lev 11:4ff; Dt 14:7ff; Did., Gen. 52, 22) Rv 18:2; (τὸ) ἀ. what is unclean 2 Cor 6:17 (Is 52:11; Hippol., Ref. 9, 12, 23).—Esp. of everything connected w. polytheism, which defiles whatever it touches (Am 7:17; Is 52:1 ἀπερίτμητος κ. ἀ.; SibOr 5, 264) of gentiles ἄνθρωπος κοινὸς ἢ ἀ. Ac 10:28; τέκνα ἀ (opp. ἅγια) 1 Cor 7:14 (on the question of child baptism s. τέκνον 1a). As the ceremonial mng. fades, the moral sense becomes predominant.
    ② pert. to moral impurity (since Pla., Leg. 4, 716e; Is 6:5; 64:5; Sir 51:5; Pr 3:32 al.; Philo, Deus Imm. 132, Spec. Leg. 3, 209; Jos., Bell. 4, 562; Just., D. 141, 3) unclean, impure (s. ἀκαθαρσία 2) B 10:8. W. πόρνος (Plut., Oth. 1067b [2, 2] ἐν γυναιξὶ πόρναις κ. ἄκαθάρτοις. Cp. Vett. Val. 76, 1), πλεονέκτης and εἰδωλολάτρης Eph 5:5.—τὰ ἀ. (w. πονηρά) impure things Hv 1, 1, 7. τὰ ἀ. τῆς πορνείας the impurities of fornication Rv 17:4 (ἀ. of actions, such as adultery, that defile one TestJos 4:6; on the constr. s. B-D-F §136, 1).—Esp. of evil spirits πνεῦμα, πνευματα ἀ. (cp. Zech 13:2; TestBenj 5:2; Cat. Cod. Astr. X 179, 19; 181, 5; Just., D. 7, 3 al.) Mt 10:1; 12:43; Mk 1:23, 26f; 3:11, 30; 5:2, 8, 13; 6:7; 7:25; 9:25. Ending of Mk in Freer ms. 3; Lk 4:36; 6:18; 8:29; 9:42; 11:24; Ac 5:16; 8:7; Rv 16:13; 18:2. πνεῦμα δαιμονίου ἀκαθάρτου Lk 4:33 (cp. PGM 4, 1238). On ἐν πνεύματι ἀ. s. GBjörck, ConNeot 7, ’42, 1–3.—B. 1081. DELG s.v. καθαρός. M-M. TW.

    Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά παλαιοχριστιανική Λογοτεχνία > ἀκάθαρτος

  • 2 ἀκάθαρτος

    -ος,-ον + A 125-6-16-8-5=160 Lv 5,2(quater); 7,19
    impure, unclean JgsB 13,7; impure in the cultic sense Lv 11,4; morally impure, unclean Is 35,8 Cf. HARLÉ 1988, 31; →NIDNTT; TWNT

    Lust (λαγνεία) > ἀκάθαρτος

  • 3 κοινόω

    κοινόω 1 aor. ἐκοίνωσα; pf. κεκοίνωκα, pass. ptc. κεκοινωμένος (Pind., Thu. et al. in the sense of κοινός 1 ‘make one a participant in someth.’, ‘share’; Jos., Ant. 5, 267; 18, 231; Iren.1, 2, 2 [Harv. I 15, 1]; for ins s. 1 below).
    ① share (Aeschyl., Suppl. 369; Thu. 2, 73, 1; Alciphron 3, 36, 4) mid. Paul shared the (Christian) message with them and said AcPl Ha 9, 32 [Παῦλος] κο̣ι̣νω[σά|μενος αὐτοῖς τὸν λόγον εἶπεν] (restored after Aa I 114, 4; cp. I 112, 4; cp. IEph Ia, 25, 8 of information that was communicated [New Docs 4, 9]).
    ② most freq. in the sense of κοινός 2 make common or impure, defile in the cultic sense (4 Macc 7:6; cp. John Malalas [VI A.D.], Chronographia 277, 2 LDind. [1831] κοινώσας τὰ ὕδατα).
    ⓐ τινά someone Mt 15:11, 18, 20; Mk 7:15, 18, 20, 23. Aor. pass. 3 pl. ἐκοινώθησαν (AssMos Fgm. g); pf. pass. ptc. w. the art., subst. οἱ κεκοινωμένοι those who are defiled i.e. according to Levitic ordinance Hb 9:13.
    ⓑ τὶ someth. the temple profane, desecrate Ac 21:28. Pass., of a sacrifice become defiled D 14:2.
    ⓒ abs. Rv 21:27 v.l. (for κοινόν).
    ③ consider/declare (ritually) unclean Ac 10:15; 11:9.—On Judean perspective s. WPascher, Rein u. Unrein ’70, 165–68; cp. Jos., Ant. 11, 8, 7.—DELG s.v. κοινός. M-M. TW.

    Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά παλαιοχριστιανική Λογοτεχνία > κοινόω

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